Shengtao Zhang← All publications

arXiv preprint · 2026

Spatial Memory Agent: Experience-Grounded Procedural Memory for Spatial Intelligence

Haokai Zhang, Yuhang Ding, Yunshu Zhou, Xinze Du, Shengtao Zhang, Zhiyue Zhao, Yuling Xi, Hao Chen

AgentsMemorySpatial ReasoningMultimodal

Abstract

Spatial Memory Agent

Spatial Memory Agent (SMA) studies parameter-update-free self-evolution for spatial intelligence. In a verifiable spatial environment, a frozen vision-language model receives feedback and uses verifier-guided reflection to distill compact, transferable lessons from experience. Each lesson is assigned a Transfer Reliability Score calibrated from later retrieval outcomes. During read-only deployment, semantic filtering and TRS-aware ranking retrieve reliable procedures to guide inference without changing model weights or relying on external expert spatial tools.

Experience-grounded procedural memory lets frozen vision-language agents improve spatial reasoning without parameter updates or expert tools at deployment.